Alat Musik Kalimantan Timur: Exploring the Traditional Music Instruments of East Kalimantan
Introduction
Kalimantan Timur (East Kalimantan) is one of the provinces in Indonesia that is well-known for its traditional music. It is home to a diverse range of ethnic groups with unique cultures and music traditions. This province is located on the island of Borneo, which is shared by Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei. The richness of culture and music in East Kalimantan can be seen through various traditional music instruments that are still being played and preserved until today.
In this article, we will discover some of the traditional music instruments from East Kalimantan, their history, and how they are played. We will also discuss the importance of preserving these instruments and their role in the cultural identity of East Kalimantan.
1. Sasando
Sasando is a traditional music instrument from the Dayak Benuaq tribe in East Kalimantan. It is a type of stringed instrument that is made from bamboo and rattan. The instrument is played by plucking the strings, and the sound produced is similar to that of a harp.
The history of sasando dates back hundreds of years ago. It is said that the instrument was created by a Dayak Benuaq musician named Nyelong. He was inspired by the sound of whistling wind passing through the bamboo forest. Nyelong then created an instrument that could mimic the soothing sound of the wind.
Sasando is not only a music instrument but also a symbol of the Dayak Benuaq tribe’s culture and identity. It is often played during traditional ceremonies and festivals, such as Gawai Dayak and Hudoq. The instrument is considered sacred and is only played by certain individuals who have been trained and initiated.
2. Bati-Bati
Bati-Bati is a percussion instrument that is commonly used in East Kalimantan’s traditional music. It is made from a hollowed-out piece of wood and has a unique shape with a narrow base and a wide mouth. The instrument is played by hitting it with a stick, producing a low and deep sound.
Bati-Bati is often played in groups and is an essential component of traditional Dayak music. It is used to create a rhythmic pattern that complements other instruments such as the suling (flute) and the sampe (stringed instrument).
3. Sege
Sege is a type of flute that is commonly used in traditional music in East Kalimantan. It is made from bamboo and has a unique shape with a curved end. The instrument is played by blowing air into the top end and creating different notes by covering and uncovering the holes along the body.
Sege is often played during traditional ceremonies and events, such as weddings, funerals, and harvest festivals. It is also used in dance performances, where the rhythm and melody of the instrument complement the movement of the dancers.
4. Gendang
Gendang is a type of drum that is commonly used in traditional music across Indonesia, including East Kalimantan. It is made from wood and animal skin, and it is played by hitting the surface with a stick or the palm of the hand.
Gendang is often used as the primary rhythm instrument in traditional music ensembles. It is played in groups, where each drum produces a different tone and rhythm to create a complex and harmonious sound.
5. Sampe
Sampe is a traditional stringed instrument from Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan) that is also commonly used in East Kalimantan’s traditional music. It is made from a piece of wood and has four strings made from animal gut or synthetic material. The instrument is played by plucking the strings, producing a unique sound that is similar to that of a guitar.
Sampe is often played as a solo instrument or as part of an ensemble. It is used to create a melody that complements other instruments such as the sege and gendang.
The Importance of Preserving Traditional Music Instruments
The traditional music instruments of East Kalimantan are not only a form of art and entertainment but also a symbol of the province’s cultural identity. These instruments have been passed down from generation to generation and have played a crucial role in various traditional ceremonies and events.
However, with the rise of modern music and the influence of western culture, the traditional music of East Kalimantan is slowly disappearing. Many young people are no longer interested in learning and playing these instruments, and as a result, the knowledge and skills required to play them are gradually lost.
Therefore, it is essential to preserve these traditional music instruments and ensure that they continue to be passed down to future generations. This can be achieved by promoting the instruments and their cultural significance, providing education and training opportunities for young musicians, and creating platforms to showcase traditional music performances.
FAQs
Q: What is the history of sasando?
A: Sasando was created by a Dayak Benuaq musician named Nyelong, who was inspired by the sound of whistling wind passing through the bamboo forest.
Q: What is bati-bati?
A: Bati-Bati is a percussion instrument made from a hollowed-out piece of wood that is commonly used in traditional music in East Kalimantan.
Q: What is the significance of sampe in traditional music?
A: Sampe is a stringed instrument that is used to create a melody that complements other instruments such as the sege and gendang.
Q: Why is it important to preserve traditional music instruments?
A: Traditional music instruments are a form of art and a symbol of cultural identity. Preserving them ensures that the knowledge and skills required to play them are not lost and that they continue to be passed down to future generations.
In conclusion, the traditional music instruments of East Kalimantan are a valuable part of the province’s cultural identity. They have played an essential role in various traditional ceremonies and events and have been passed down from generation to generation. It is crucial to preserve these instruments and ensure that they continue to be enjoyed by future generations. We hope that this article has provided you with insights into the unique and beautiful world of East Kalimantan’s traditional music.
