Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan: A Glimpse into the Cultural Heritage of South Kalimantan
Introduction
Indonesia is a diverse archipelago with a plethora of cultural traditions. Each of its regions offers an unparalleled experience of culture, history, and architecture, essentially presenting unique cultural diversity. Kalimantan, one of the largest islands in Indonesia, has a rich cultural heritage and a plethora of traditional houses, known as “Rumah Adat.” Each province in Kalimantan has its distinctive traditional houses reflecting its particular culture. This article will shed light on one of the traditional houses found in South Kalimantan, called “Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan.”
What is Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan?
Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan, or simply “Nama Rumah,” is a type of traditional house found in the province of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. This house reflects the cultural diversity of the Banjar people, the ethnic group that predominantly inhabits South Kalimantan. It is a historical treasurehouse that represents the Banjar culture, which has been preserved for generations, passed down from ancestors to descendants.
The word “Nama” means five in the Banjar language, which is in reference to the house’s form, comprising five sections, with each unit serving a unique purpose. Rumah Adat Nama is also known as “Banjar Loksado,” as it is prevalent in the Loksado region in the mountains of South Kalimantan. This traditional house is a symbol of identity and pride for the Banjar people, reflecting their reverence for their culture, history, and land.
The Design and Architecture of Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan
Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan’s architectural design is a combination of traditional and modern styles, based on the concept of harmony with nature. The house’s foundation is made of shaped logs and planks of wood, with the walls consist of woven bamboo. The roof is made of high-quality ironwood shingles to provide excellent protection against the harsh tropical climate.
The house has five sections, each representing a unique function, with the inside of each section plastered to offer a neat and structured appearance. These sections are intricately connected by the main house’s staircase built of wood planks, which can be opened and closed.
The design of Nama Rumah adheres to traditional spatial orientation, with the living rooms and middle rooms facing north and the kitchen facing south. This design promotes natural sunlight and ventilation, leading to a cooling indoor atmosphere.
The house’s interior is an excellent example of Banjar culture as it is adorned with various ornaments, such as carved wooden panels, woven mats, and traditional Banjar pottery. The central living areas often contain a set of high-quality teak furniture, such as circle or square-shaped boats used as sofas.
One unique feature of Nama Rumah is the “Sajian Marga” or “Ancestral Altar” – a particular area reserved exclusively for paying homage to the forefathers. It is an elevated platform decorated with “Banjar Kalimantan” art and adorned with incense, flowers, and other offerings.
Significance of Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan in Banjar Culture
Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan is not only a cultural heritage site but is also significant in Banjar culture for its social function. It is a useful platform for social gatherings, community meetings, and celebrations such as weddings, thanksgivings, and religious festivals.
The house is a social unit that supports a blend of community values and individualism, and the traditional way of life in South Kalimantan. It serves as a source of spiritual harmony, social cohesion, and integration, complementing the Banjar’s socio-cultural values, norms, and beliefs.
The Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan’s significance to the Banjar people is further highlighted during traditional functions such as the “Gawai Dayak” or “Hari Raya Aidul Fitri.” During these celebrations, it is customary for the successful members of the community to celebrate in their Nama Rumah with friends and relatives, indicating the house’s importance as a cultural and social symbol.
FAQs About Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan
1. What is Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan?
Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan is a type of traditional house found in the province of South Kalimantan, Indonesia. It reflects the cultural diversity of the Banjar people, the ethnic group that predominantly inhabits South Kalimantan.
2. What is the design and architecture of Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan?
The house’s foundation is made of shaped logs and planks of wood, with the walls consisting of woven bamboo. The roof is made of high-quality ironwood shingles. The house has five sections, each representing a particular function. The design adheres to traditional spatial orientation, and the interior is adorned with various ornaments, such as carved wooden panels, woven mats and traditional Banjar pottery.
3. Why is Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan significant in Banjar culture?
Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan is significant in Banjar culture for its social function as it is a useful platform for social gatherings, community meetings, and celebrations. It serves as a source of spiritual harmony, social cohesion, and integration.
4. What is the significance of “Sajian Marga” in Nama Rumah?
The “Sajian Marga” or “Ancestral Altar” is a particular area reserved exclusively for paying homage to the forefathers. It is an elevated platform decorated with “Banjar Kalimantan” art and adorned with incense, flowers, and other offerings.
5. What are the unique features of Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan’s interior?
The central living areas often contain high-quality teak furniture, such as circle or square-shaped boats used as sofas. The house’s interior is adorned with various ornaments, such as carved wooden panels, woven mats, and traditional Banjar pottery.
Conclusion
Nama Rumah Adat Kalimantan Selatan is a vehicle of Banjar culture that preserves extensive cultural heritage and history in South Kalimantan. With its architectural design and unique features, it holds great significance to the Banjar people, reflecting their values, beliefs and social customs. It serves as a representation of Indonesia’s cultural and ethnic diversity and contributes an important role in the world’s cultural heritage.
